Doctor-informed health articles in clear English about symptoms, tests, procedures, treatment decisions and recovery.
IBS commonly causes recurrent abdominal pain linked with altered stool frequency or form. Diagnosis uses a positive symptom pattern while checking for warning signs of other disease.
A stomach or duodenal ulcer may cause upper abdominal pain, but some first present with bleeding. Black stool, vomiting blood or…
Upper endoscopy examines the food pipe, stomach and duodenum; colonoscopy examines the rectum and colon. Symptoms and the clinical question determine…
Persistent bloating may relate to swallowed air, constipation, food intolerance, IBS or another digestive condition. Warning signs and a structured history…
Piles, anal fissure and anal fistula can all affect the anal area, but their typical symptoms differ. Examination is important because…
Internal piles are graded by how far they prolapse, from grade 1 without visible prolapse to grade 4 that remains outside.…
Laser treatment is one of several procedural approaches for piles. The best option depends on internal grade, external disease, prolapse, bleeding…
Piles are common during pregnancy because of increased pelvic pressure, hormonal changes and constipation. Rectal bleeding should still be assessed rather…
Piles symptoms can recur after any procedure because haemorrhoidal tissue remains part of normal anatomy and bowel-pressure factors may continue. A…
An anal fissure commonly causes sharp pain during stool and burning that continues afterwards, sometimes with a small streak of fresh…
A chronic anal fissure can persist because pain, sphincter spasm, reduced blood flow and repeated bowel injury reinforce one another. Treatment…
Blood in stool may come from piles or a fissure, but bowel inflammation, ulcers, polyps and cancer are also possible. Learn…
